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Protect your vision from
Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD)

Protect your vision from Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD)

Maintain your quality of life ​with Dr Allan Fong, Senior Consultant Ophthalmologist

Understanding the causes and Modern treatments for Age-related macular degeneration
What is age-related macular degeneration?

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a common eye condition that primarily affects older adults and is a leading cause of vision impairment among people over 50. AMD involves the deterioration of the macula, the central part of the retina responsible for sharp, central vision.

This condition can significantly impact daily activities like reading, driving, and recognising faces. You should promptly get tested for age-related macular degeneration by a doctor, if you suspect you have this condition.
Types of Age-Related Macular Degeneration
There are two main types of AMD, each with distinct characteristics and progression patterns:
Dry AMD (Atrophic)
Dry AMD is the more common form, accounting for about 80-90% of AMD cases. It occurs when the macula gradually thins and degenerates due to ageing and the accumulation of drusen (yellow deposits). This type progresses slowly and usually causes mild to moderate vision loss. In advanced stages, dry AMD can lead to significant central vision loss, known as geographic atrophy.
Wet AMD (Neovascular)
Wet AMD is less common but more severe. It occurs when abnormal blood vessels grow under the retina and leak fluid or blood, leading to rapid and severe vision loss. This type can develop suddenly and requires immediate medical attention. Wet AMD can cause scarring and damage to the macula, making early detection and treatment crucial.
Symptoms of Age-Related Macular Degeneration
The symptoms of AMD can vary depending on the type and severity of the condition. Common symptoms include:
  • Blurred or distorted central vision
  • Difficulty reading or recognising faces
  • Dark or empty areas in the centre of your vision
  • Need for brighter lighting when reading or doing close work
  • Diminished colour perception
Early stages of AMD may not cause noticeable symptoms, so regular eye exams are crucial for early detection and management.
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Causes of Age-Related Macular Degeneration
The exact cause of AMD is not fully understood, but several factors are known to increase the risk of developing the condition. These include:
Aging is a casue of dry eye syndrome

Age

The risk increases significantly after the age of 50.
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Genetics

A family history of AMD increases the risk.
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Smoking

Smoking is a major risk factor and can double the likelihood of developing AMD.

Race

AMD is more common among Caucasians than other racial groups.

Obesity

Being overweight can increase the risk of developing early and intermediate stages of AMD.

Diet

A diet high in saturated fats and low in antioxidants may contribute to the development of AMD.
Treatment Options for Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Early detection of wet AMD, along with prompt treatment, can slow or halt the progression of damage and improve vision. Treatment options depend on whether the patient has dry or wet AMD:

Dry AMD Treatments
  • AREDS 2 Formulation:
    High-dose formulations of antioxidants and zinc may reduce the conversion of dry AMD to wet AMD.
  • Lifestyle Modifications:
    Quitting smoking, maintaining a healthy diet, and managing cardiovascular health can help reduce the risk of progression.
Wet AMD Treatments
  • Anti-VEGF Injections:
    Medications such as Lucentis, Eylea 8mg and Vabysmo are injected into the eye to inhibit the growth of abnormal blood vessels and reduce fluid leakage.
  • Photodynamic Therapy:
    A light-activated drug is used to destroy abnormal blood vessels in the retina.
  • Laser Surgery:
    A laser is used to destroy abnormal blood vessels that are leaking fluid.

Choosing the Right Treatment

Selecting the right treatment for AMD depends on the type and stage of the disease, as well as the patient’s overall health and lifestyle. At Angel Eye & Cataract Centre, our approach includes:

1

Comprehensive Assessment

We conduct a thorough evaluation using advanced imaging techniques like optical coherence tomography (OCT) and fluorescein angiography to assess the extent of macular damage.
2

Personalised Treatment Plan

Based on the diagnosis, we tailor a treatment plan that may include a combination of lifestyle changes, medications, and procedures.
3

Ongoing Monitoring

Regular follow-ups and monitoring are crucial to managing AMD and adjusting treatments as needed.
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Meet Our Doctor

Dr Allan Fong

Linkedin

方齐扬医生

Senior Consultant Ophthalmologist

BBM, PBM, MBBS (S’pore), MMed (Ophth),
FRCS (Edinburgh), MRCOphth (London), FAMS

Medical Director
Senior Consultant Eye Surgeon
Visiting Consultant @ SNEC
Adjunct A/Professor, Duke-NUS

Dr Allan Fong is a distinguished ophthalmologist with experience in treating retinal conditions, including age-related macular degeneration. His expertise in both dry and wet AMD treatments allows him to provide comprehensive care tailored to each patient’s needs.

As a Senior Consultant at Angel Eye & Cataract Centre, Dr Fong is committed to the long-term health of his patients, adapting treatment modalities to help them maintain their vision and quality of life.

Dr Allan Fong from Angel Eye & Cataract Centre photo
Dr Allan Fong from Angel Eye & Cataract Centre photo
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Take Control of Your Eye Health​

Don’t wait for age-related macular degeneration to affect your vision—early detection and treatment are crucial. At Angel Eye & Cataract Centre, we offer comprehensive AMD care tailored to your unique needs. Schedule a consultation or make an enquiry today!

For urgent enquiries and appointment requests, please call or WhatsApp us directly.

Frequently Asked Questions About Age-Related Macular Degeneration

We understand you may have many questions about age-related macular degeneration. Here are answers to some of the most common queries about AMD symptoms, recovery, and expected outcomes.

Can AMD lead to total blindness?
AMD primarily affects central vision and does not usually cause total blindness. However, it can significantly impact activities like reading, driving, and recognizing faces.

To reduce the risk of AMD, maintain a healthy lifestyle by quitting smoking, eating a balanced diet rich in fruits and vegetables, managing blood pressure and cholesterol, and getting regular eye exams.

Individuals at risk for AMD should have a comprehensive eye exam at least once a year. More frequent exams may be necessary if AMD is diagnosed.
Yes, AMD has been associated with cardiovascular diseases, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and obesity. Managing these conditions can be part of a comprehensive approach to reducing AMD risk.
Yes, AMD can affect both eyes, although the severity may differ between them. Often, one eye may develop symptoms earlier than the other.
Can AMD lead to total blindness?
AMD primarily affects central vision and does not usually cause total blindness. However, it can significantly impact activities like reading, driving, and recognizing faces.

To reduce the risk of AMD, maintain a healthy lifestyle by quitting smoking, eating a balanced diet rich in fruits and vegetables, managing blood pressure and cholesterol, and getting regular eye exams.

Individuals at risk for AMD should have a comprehensive eye exam at least once a year. More frequent exams may be necessary if AMD is diagnosed.
Yes, AMD has been associated with cardiovascular diseases, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and obesity. Managing these conditions can be part of a comprehensive approach to reducing AMD risk.
Yes, AMD can affect both eyes, although the severity may differ between them. Often, one eye may develop symptoms earlier than the other.

Retinal detachment is a serious condition where the retina separates, risking vision loss. You should seek retinal detachment treatment early.

Retinal tear symptoms include floaters, flashes and vision loss. Retinal tear treatment includes laser and cryotherapy.

Retinal detachment surgery involves reattaching the retina using vitrectomy, gas or a scleral buckle.

Retinal detachment treatment includes vitrectomy, pneumatic retinopexy and scleral buckling to prevent permanent vision loss.

A retina specialist in Singapore diagnoses retinal tear cases using imaging and offers laser or surgical retinal tear treatment.

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At Angel Eye & Cataract Centre, we combine modern technology with personalised care to provide our patients with optimal visual outcomes. Dr Allan Fong is dedicated to enhancing your vision and your quality of life.
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Royal Square Medical Centre @ Novena
101 Irrawaddy Road #21-07
Singapore 329565

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